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Virginia Water Science Center: Water Use


TOTAL WATER WITHDRAWALS FOR VIRGINIA, 1995*
(in millions of gallons per day)

WITHDRAWAL CATEGORIES


mining commercial/industrial agricultural domestic public supply thermoelectricwater use pie chart
Explanation of water-use (withdrawal) categories

Public supply -- includes water withdrawn by public and private suppliers and delivered to users for any purpose. A portion of public-supply withdrawals (15%) goes to public uses such as firefighting or is lost during transfer, but much of it is delivered for domestic (53%), commercial (19%), industrial (11%), or thermoelectric power generation (less than 1%) purposes. Withdrawals not publicly supplied are self-supplied by the user. These self-supplied withdrawals are typically grouped into the remaining categories: domestic, commercial, industrial, irrigation, livestock, mining, and thermoelectric power generation. 

Domestic -- includes water for household purposes, such as drinking, food preparation, bathing, washing clothes and dishes, flushing toilets, and watering lawns and gardens. 

Commercial/Industrial -- includes commercial and industrial withdrawals. Includes water used for industrial purposes such as fabrication, processing, washing, chemical and allied products, paper and allied products, mining, and petroleum refining. Commercial withdrawals include water for motels, hotels, restaurants, office buildings, other commercial facilities, and institutions. 

Agricultural -- includes irrigation and livestock withdrawals. Irrigation withdrawals include artificial application of water on lands to assist in the growing of crops and pastures or to maintain vegetative growth in recreational lands such as parks and golf courses. Livestock withdrawals include water for livestock watering, feed lots, dairy operation, fish farming, and other on-farm needs. 

Mining -- includes water used for the extraction of minerals occurring naturally including solids, such as coal and ores; liquids, such as crude petroleum; and gases, such as natural gas. Also includes uses associated with quarrying, milling, and other preparations customarily done at the mine site or as part of a mining activity. 

Thermoelectric power -- includes water used in the process of the generation of thermoelectric power.

 

WITHDRAWAL SOURCES

piechart
 

     
  TOTAL SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWALS IN VIRGINIA  
  surface water withdrawal map  

 

 
TOTAL GROUND WATER WITHDRAWALS IN VIRGINIA
ground water withdrawal map
*Data and information are compiled from Solley, W.B., Pierce, R. R., and Perlman, H.A., 1998, Estimated use of water in the United States in 1995: U. S. Geological Survey Circular 1200, 71 p. 
   

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Page Last Modified: 10/19/2009 06:44